CHAPTER II:  FORMATION OF PERRY COUNTY

Millerstown  Liverpool  Landisburg  Duncannon   Newport  New Buffalo  Bloomfield  Marysville  Loysville  Andersonburg  Blain  New Germantown  Markelville Area

Cumberland county was formed out of Lancaster county in 1750, four years previous to the Albany purchase, by which was added to the commonwealth all the lands west of the Kittatinny and east of the Allegheny Mountains. The earliest division of the territory now included in Perry county into townships was into Greenwood, which included the land between the Juniata and Susquehanna rivers.  This township doubtless included at one time a vast area in Mifflin, Snyder and Union counties, being the mother of Liverpool, Buffalo, Howe and Watts, as now defined in Perry county.

Rye township extended from the Kittatinny Mountains to the Tuscarora Hills, including its present territory, Penn, Wheatfield, Miller, Carroll, Center, Juniata, Oliver and Tuscarora townships.  The line dividing Rye and Tyrone townships extended direct from the Blue Mountains, passing about two miles west of Bloomfield to the Tuscarora Hills. Juniata Township] Next to Rye, west of the Juniata, was Tyrone, known as "the everlasting State of Tyrone."  It included parts of Carroll and Center, all of Springs, Tyrone and Saville. Tyrone was separated from Toboyne by a straight line from the Blue Mountains through Center, in Madison township, to the Conecocheaque Hills. This was the earliest division of the territory of Perry county into townships.  When it was formed into a new county there were seven townships.  Of the new townships, Juniata included that part of Rye north and west of the Mahonoy Hills, Saville, that part of Tyrone west of the Limestone Ridge, and Buffalo, that part of Greenwood south of the Buffalo Hills.

Villages were formed at Duncannon, Landisburg, Millerstown, Newport, Liverpool and New Buffalo, before or about 1800.  These were the earliest towns of the county. And let's not exclude Markelsville!

Millerstown was laid out by David Miller as early as 1780, and for a long time seemed destined to become the largest town in the county.  It was written for a long time Miller's Town.  Fewer unemployed men have lived in Millerstown, in proportion to the population, than any town in the county.  Millerstown contains seven stores, a foundry, a large tannery, two churches--Presbyterian and Methodist--and a Normal school.  In healthfulness of location, convenience of access and the natural beauty of surroundings, it is unsurpassed anywhere along the Juniata.

Liverpool was laid out by John Huggins in 1808, and soon became the most important trading point in the eastern portion of the county.  Liverpool merchants dealt largely in liquors, grain, plaster, dry goods and groceries.  The society was made up of almost every hue, from the smooth and cautious to a sprinkling of roughs, who would extort the laugh of commendation and social entertainment from the most grave and sedate.

Landisburg was originally laid out by John Landis, previous to 1800, who disposed of some portions of the town by lottery, reserving the annual ground rent.  It is said "the quit-rents of Landisburg have had as many owners as Joseph's coat had colors." The courts were held here until the location of the county-seat at Bloomfield and the completion of the public buildings there in 1827.

The first Court of Common Pleas in Perry county was held in Landisburg on the 4th of December, 1820.  Hon John Reed, formerly of Westmoreland county, was President Judge and William Anderson and Jeremiah Madden, Esqrs., Associate Judges.  Daniel Stambaugh was the High Sheriff. The following persons were the first grand jurors:  William English, Henry Beslin, William Brown, Jacob Weibley and Joshua Jones, Juniata township; Andrew Lynn, Peter Moses, Philip Fusselman, Christian Simons, Henry Hipple, Thomas Kennedy and John Eaton, Tyrone township; Conrad Rice, John Milligan, Thomas Milligan, Moses Oatley, Jacob Burd and Jacob Kiser, Saville township; William Albiogost, Greenwood township; William Porter, Buffalo township; Samuel Willis, Rye township; Nickolas Burd, John Kogan and Daniel Matzer, Toboyne township.

The list of constables, at this time, were George Fetterman, Buffalo township; John O'Brian, Greenwood; Thomas Martin, Juniata; Daniel McAllister, Rye; Mathias Moyer, Saville; John Cree, Tyrone; Abraham Kistler, Tyrone; James McKim, Toboyne. Robert Mitchell, Thomas Adams and Jacob Huggins were the first County Commissioners. William B. Mitchell was the first Prothonotary.  The old court-house in Landisburg stood until 1841.  It was a log building, erecting for a church, when it was taken and finished for a court-house, and in it Robert Gibson, Esq., still dispenses justice with more ability than is usually exhibited in that office. Landisburg is the starting point of Rice's stage lines, which carry news to and from Newport from all points on the route.

Duncannon, Petersburg, until 1865, was first settled by a Mr. Miller, who took up ten acres, in which it was included.  His house was situated on the point between the Susquehanna river and Little Juniata creek. The oldest store in the town was kept by a Mr. Vanfossen, then there were only four houses in the place. The settlers that took up land and came to Petersburg after Mr. Miller were Myers, Young, Fessler, Baty and the widow Armstrong.  Philip Sweishler, a German, kept the first hotel.  At this time the post-office was kept by Jacob Keiser at Clark's Ferry in the stone store-house. A Mr. Keaseberry was the first postmaster after the office was moved to Petersburg. The tories mustered their troops during the Revolutionary War on Young's Hill. The oldest church in Petersburg was the Methodist church, which was dedicated in 1838.  The first preaching in the town by this denomination was in a Mr. Brook's dwelling houses in 1812.

The Presbyterian congregation of the Juniata church, on the hill west of the junction, included the members in Petersburg, with many who lived on the opposite side of the river in Watts township.  Rev. Joseph Brady, whose remains rest in the grave-yard belonging to the church, was the pastor at this time (1838). The grave-yard on the property owned by Mr. Charles Godshall is the oldest Methodist burial ground in the county.  The oldest house in the neighborhood of Duncannon was near the position of Jone's mill. The brick house there now was built in 1800.

Along Sherman's creek, near the river, are the Duncannon Iron Works, owned by a company which has been in the business for many years in that place.  These works consist of a rolling mill and nail factory; the latter is capable of turning out 800 to 1,000 kegs, 100 lbs each, per week.  There is an extensive anthracite furnace in operation closer to the river. The extensive flour and lumber mills, recently owned by Major Griffith Jones, have passed into other hands. A company has purchased an extensive tract of land, and, by means of a building association, is fast creating a new western addition to the old town. Duncannon public schools have always been among the best in the county.

Newport was laid out as a village of Juniata township in 1814, by Daniel Reider.  It was called Reidersville until the formation of Perry county in 1820, when sanguine hopes were entertained that it would be the county seat; hence its name was changed to New Port, which has since been conveniently modified to Newport. Its growth was very tardy until the canal was made, since which it steadily improved, until about six years ago, since which it has made good its claims to be the largest town in the county.

It has a deposit bank, a printing office, from which issue the weekly editions of the Newport News, two steam tanneries, one of which is the most extensive in the county, a steam planing mill, marble-yard, three commission warehouses, a boat-yard, and an anthracite furnace just ready to be put in operation.  Three churches supply the various congregations.  Two of these are large brick edifices on the modern plan, owned by the Methodist and Reformed congregations, while the third is a frame building likely soon to be superseded by several others, since it is used by the Lutherans and Presbyterians, and others, on the union principle.  

A tract of land was purchased and laid out in lots by Mr. J.B. Habecker.  This part of town attracts considerable business now.  These lots will doubtless soon be improved through the efforts of a building association recently organized. Newport has tasteful and commodious hotels, kept by gentlemanly and intelligent proprietors.  But it cannot truthfully be avoided that her educational interest is below par.  This is not owing to the want of a large and commodious school building, for that was erected in 1866, on a plan which compelled the admiration of all her sister boroughs, but a lack of fostering interest by her entire community has caused the failure, in part, of every educational project which contemplated permanency. In 1840 Newport was next to Liverpool in the number of its population.  It then had 423, and Liverpool had 454 inhabitants.

New Buffalo was laid out as a village of Buffalo township, Perry county, in 1800, by Jacob Baughman.  It is situated on the west bank of the Susquehanna river, nineteen miles above Harrisburg. It has been a town of steady growth and contained in 1840, between thirty and forty dwelling houses and 200 inhabitants.  The location is pleasant, surrounded on either side by charming natural scenery.

The present county seat was fixed upon by the fourth set of "disinterested persons"  provided for in the act of separation and named Bloomfield, on account of that being the title given to the tract of land in the patent.  The set of commissioners who concluded this important work, were Messers. Laycock, Sheets, Pearce and Jenks.  Bloomfield was auspiciously appropriate for the new town from the fact that its original plot was marked out in a clover field when in full bloom in the month of June, 1822.  It is healthfully located in the narrow, fertile and beautiful Mahonoy Valley, twenty-six miles from Harrisburg, and five from the Central railroad. Large brick church edifices have been erected by the Reformed, Lutheran, Methodist and Presbyterian congregations. A brick school-house, sufficiently large to accommodate all the pupils, has been erected recently, Bloomfield Academy, more fully noticed under Educational History, continues its good work at this place.  It is now owned by William Grier, Esq. The manufactories of the place are a steam tannery and a foundry.

The Perry Forrester, for August 1826, contains the following description of the place:  "New Bloomfield has eighteen buildings besides from twelve to fifteen shops and stables."  The offices and public documents of the county were removed to Bloomfield on the 12th and 13th of March, 1827. The Forrester, in 1829 gives the population of Bloomfield at 220, the number of dwellings, twenty-nine and the shops and offices, twenty-one. The court-house, erected in 1824-5, was remodeled in 1867-8.  It is now well adapted for the purpose.  A large clock has been placed in its cupola by the citizens of Bloomfield, aided by the county commissioners. There are four printing offices belonging to as many weekly newspapers. The President Judge of the Ninth Judicial District resides here. The people are social and intelligent.

Marysville was laid out by Theophilus Fenn, the proprietor of the land on which its is built, as a village of Rye township, and up to April 12, 1866, was never incorporated, when it was incorporated as Haley, which was the name given to the post-office for a year or more.  Since its incorporation, Marysville has improved so rapidly that it now ranks third in the county in number of population. The round-house of the Northern Central railroad is located here, and added to this there is an extensive "shifting-yard." Two railroad bridges cross the Susquehanna at the eastern and western termini of the town.  The eastern bridge is on the line of the Pennsylvania Central, and the western on that of the Northern Central.  There are two railroad stopping-places, one a regular depot, and the other merely a stopping-place.  The depot is called Marysville, and is at the extreme west of the town, where the railroads cross each other. A block-house was built at the end of the Central railroad bridge to guard it from the attacks of rebel invaders during the late war. Marysville has a fine location, which, added to its proximity to Harrisburg, and the other probabilities of its rapid improvement, will cause it to be, in the extent and variety of its business, and the number of its inhabitants, the largest town in the county, in 1880.  Marysville public schools are kept in operation from six to seven months of the year.

Loysville, formerly called Andersonville, was laid out in 1840, by Michael Loy.  The commodious Academy building, north of the town, which was erected by Mr. John Tressler, continued to be liberally patronized as a higher institution of learning, until the 8th of May, 1865, when it was selected for a Soldier's Orphan School.  After it had been in operation four or five years as an orphan school for the children of deceased soldiers, the Tressler heirs sold the building to the Lutheran Church, since which it has been continued as Loysville Orphans Home, receiving as many soldiers' orphans as could be accommodated without crowding out the church orphans.  There were 83 in this Home on the 31st of May 1871. Loysville has a large brick church, owned by the Reformed and Lutheran denominations.  About one-half mile south-east of Loysville, is the farm and houses appropriated for the use of the poor of the county. The old buildings, two or three in number, have been superseded by the most extensive edifice in the county, estimated to cost, when entirely finished, upward of $30,000.

Andersonburg is a post-village of Madison township, and was so named on account of the land formerly belonging to Judge Anderson. About three-fourths of a mile to the north-east are the grounds and buildings of the justly-celebrated Andersonburg Soldier's Orphan School.  The extent of ground was reported on the 31st of May, 1871, to be twenty-four acres and the number of pupils enrolled, 133. Hon. Martin Motzer has been the principal since the organization of the school, and so satisfactory has been the treatment of the wards entrusted to his care, that complaint against the school has never been heard abroad.

Blain---William Douglass built the mill from which the name of the post-office (Douglass' Mill) was obtained.  He soon after built the stone house occupied at the present (1872) by Mr. Jeremiah Hench.  This stone house and an old log house which was torn down about six years ago, constituted what was known as Multicaulisville. The original part of Blain was laid out on land granted by warrant in 1765 to James Blain.  That part of the village west of Main Street, was laid out on land originally granted by warrant, in 1762, to Abraham Mitchell, and the north part was warranted to James Morrison, in 1766. In the spring of 1846 Francis W. Woods sold three acres of land to Dr. William Hays, which he divided into twelve lots and sold them out to different parties.  John Seager and William Shively erected the first house in the fall of 1846. The first post-office was kept by William Douglass.  Capt. David Moreland and Anthony Black succeeded.  In 1840 Anthony Black got the name of the post-office changed to Multicaulisville, to commemorate his great speculation in the morus multicaulis or Italian mulberry trees, which he was engaged in selling at ten cents each. Soon after Blain was laid out in 1846, James and Francis W. Woods got the name of the post-office changed from Multicaulisville to Blain and from the post-office the village was named.

The site of Blain is naturally the prettiest in the county.  This fact seems to be recognized, for we find improvements here not found in any other town in the county.  It is the only town into which and along whose streets water is conveyed in pipes.  The buildings are mostly new, elegantly and substantially built and neatly painted. It has a select school in charge of Prof. Gard. C. Palm and one of the finest churches in the county.  This church belongs to the Lutheran and Presbyterian congregations, and was built to take the place of a venerable old building erected in 1816.  The old folks of these congregations were very loath to exchange the old church even for such an elegant new one, from the fact that it seemed to link them to the past.  The shingles that covered it were carried across the Conecocheaque Mountain on the backs of pack-horses. Their fathers and mothers reared this temple and they did not like to see it destroyed. 

New Germantown, a post-town of Toboyne township, was laid out by Solomon Sheibley, and named to commemorate Germantown, near Philadelphia.  It is twenty-three and a quarter miles from Bloomfield, and is the western terminus of Rice's stage route in the county.  It contains several stores and churches, a tannery and a school-house, in which a graded school is kept open during the free school term.

Markelville Area: Ickesburg and Eschol are the post-villages of Saville township.  The former is the older, and is the starting-point of Mr. Samuel Rice's stage, which makes the round trip on alternate days from Millerstown and Newport carrying the mail to and from Donnally's, Eschol, Milford and Markelville. Milford and Markelville are post-villages of Juniata township.  Each contains a store in which the post-office is kept. Milford and Markelville are post-villages of Juniata township.  Each contains a store in which the post-office is kept. Eschol was formerly known as "Shuman's."  It was early settled by Mr. Andrew Shuman, who gave the land on which St. Andrew's Lutheran Church is situated. Donnally's mills is a post-village of a half-dozen houses in Tuscarora township.  Geo. W. Lobaugh, Esq., keeps a store and a post-office at this place, and metes out justice to deserving offenders. The former was called Jonestown after its earliest settler and first postmaster, Joseph Jones, Esq.  Markelville was formerly known as Bosserman's Mills until Mr. George Markel so changed the place by his enterprise and thrift that it was named after him.